Fuel and Emissions System Description - PGM-FI System

PGM-FI System


The programmed fuel injection (PGM-FI) system is a sequential multiport fuel injection system.

Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Clutch Relay

When the ECM/PCM receives a demand for cooling from the A/C system, it delays the compressor from being energized, and enriches the mixture to assure smooth transition to the A/C mode.

Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) Sensor

The A/F sensor operates over a wide air/fuel range. The A/F sensor is installed upstream of the TWC, and sends signals to the ECM/PCM which varies the duration of fuel injection accordingly.

 

Barometric Pressure (BARO) Sensor

The BARO sensor is inside the ECM/PCM. It converts atmospheric pressure into a voltage signal that modifies the basic duration of the fuel injection discharge.

Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor

The CMP sensor detects the position of the No. 1 cylinder as a reference for sequential fuel injection to each cylinder.

 

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor

The CKP sensor detects crankshaft speed and is used by the ECM/PCM to determine ignition timing and timing for fuel injection of each cylinder as well as detecting engine misfire.

 

Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor 1 and 2

The ECT sensors 1 and 2 are temperature dependent resistor (thermistor). The resistance decreases as the engine coolant temperature increases.

 

Ignition Timing Control

The ECM/PCM contains the memory for basic ignition timing at various engine speeds and manifold absolute pressure. It also adjusts the timing according to engine coolant temperature and intake air temperature.

Injector Timing and Duration

The ECM/PCM contains the memory for basic discharge duration at various engine speeds and manifold pressures. The basic discharge duration, after being read out from the memory, is further modified by signals sent from various sensors to obtain the final discharge duration.
By monitoring long term fuel trim, the ECM/PCM detects long term malfunctions in the fuel system and sets a diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Knock Sensor

The knock control system adjusts the ignition timing to minimize knock.

 

Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor

The MAP sensor converts manifold absolute pressure into electrical signals to the ECM/PCM.

 

Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor/Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor

The mass air flow (MAF) sensor/intake air temperature (IAT) sensor contains a hot wire and a thermistor. It is located in the intake air passage. The resistance of the hot wire and thermistor change due to intake air temperature and air flow. The control circuit in the MAF sensor controls the current to keep the hot wire at a set temperature. The current is converted to voltage in the control circuit, then output to the ECM/PCM.

 

Oil Level Sensor (KE, KG, TR models)

This sensor detects engine oil level.

 

Output Shaft (Countershaft) Speed Sensor

This sensor detects countershaft speed.

 

Secondary Heated Oxygen Sensor (Secondary HO2S)

The secondary HO2S detects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas downstream of the three way catalytic converter (TWC), and sends signals to the ECM/PCM which varies the duration of fuel injection accordingly. To stabilize its output, the sensor has an internal heater. The ECM/PCM compares the HO2S output with the A/F sensor output to determine catalyst efficiency. The secondary HO2S is located on the TWC.